The Company recognises provisions when there ispresent obligation as a result of past event and it isprobable that there will be an outflow of resourcesand reliable estimate can be made of the amountof the obligation. If the effect of the time value ofmoney is material, provisions are determined bydiscounting the expected future cash flows to netpresent value using an appropriate pre-tax discountrate that reflects current market assessments of thetime value of money and, where appropriate, therisks specific to the liability. Unwinding of thediscount is recognised in the statement of profitand loss as a finance cost. Provisions are reviewedat each reporting date and are adjusted to reflectthe current best estimate.
A present obligation that arises from past eventswhere it is either not probable that an outflow ofresources will be required to settle or a reliableestimate of the amount cannot be made, is disclosedas a contingent liability. Contingent Liabilities arealso disclosed when there is a possible obligationarising from past events, the existence of whichwill be confirmed only by the occurrence or non¬occurrence of one or more uncertain future eventsnot wholly within the control of the Company.
Contingent assets are not recognized in financialstatements since this may result in the recognitionof income that may never be realised.
o) Financial instruments:
Financial assets and financial liabilities are
recognised when the Company becomes a partyto the contractual provisions of the instrument.Financial assets and financial liabilities are
initially measured at fair value. Transaction coststhat are directly attributable to the acquisition orissue of financial assets and financial liabilities(other than financial assets and financial liabilitiesat fair value through profit or loss) are added to ordeducted from the fair value of the financial assetsor financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initialrecognition. Transaction costs directly attributableto the acquisition of financial assets or financialliabilities at fair value through profit or loss arerecognised immediately in profit or loss.”
(i) Financial assets carried at amortised cost
A financial asset is subsequently measured atamortised cost if it is held within a businessmodel whose objective is to hold the asset inorder to collect contractual cash flows and thecontractual terms of the financial asset giverise on specified dates to cash flows that aresolely payments of principal and interest onthe principal amount outstanding.
(ii) Financial assets at fair value through othercomprehensive income
A financial asset is subsequently measuredat fair value through other comprehensiveincome if it is held within a businessmodel whose objective is achieved by bothcollecting contractual cash flows and sellingfinancial assets and the contractual termsof the financial asset give rise on specifieddates to cash flows that are solely paymentsof principal and interest on the principalamount outstanding. Further, in case wherethe Company has made an irrevocableselection based on its business model, for itsinvestments which are classified as equityinstruments, the subsequent changes in fairvalue are recognized in other comprehensiveincome.
A financial asset which is not classified in anyof the above categories are subsequently fairvalued through profit or loss.
(iv) The Company recognizes loss allowancesusing the expected credit loss (ECL) modelfor the financial assets which are not fairvalued through profit or loss. Loss allowancefor trade receivables with no significantfinancing component is measured at anamount equal to lifetime ECL. For all otherfinancial assets, expected credit losses aremeasured at an amount equal to the 12-monthECL, unless there has been a significantincrease in credit risk from initial recognitionin which case those are measured at lifetimeECL. The amount of expected credit losses(or reversal) that is required to adjust the lossallowance at the reporting date to the amount
that is required to be recognised is recognizedas an impairment gain or loss in statement ofprofit or loss.
Financial liabilities and equity instruments
Financial liabilities and equity instrumentsissued by the Company are classifiedaccording to the substance of the contractualarrangements entered into and the definitionsof a financial liability and an equityinstrument.
An equity instrument is any contract thatevidences a residual interest in the assetsof the Company after deducting all of itsliabilities. Equity instruments are recordedat the proceeds received, net of direct issuecosts.
Trade and other payables are initiallymeasured at fair value, net of transactioncosts, and are subsequently measured atamortised cost, using the effective interestrate method where the time value of money issignificant.
Interest bearing bank loans, overdrafts andunsecured loans are initially measured atfair value and are subsequently measured atamortised cost using the effective interest ratemethod. Any difference between the proceeds(net of transaction costs) and the settlement orredemption of borrowings is recognised overthe term of the borrowings in the statement ofprofit and loss.
The Company derecognizes a financial assetwhen the contractual rights to the cash flowsfrom the financial asset expire or it transfersthe financial asset and the transfer qualifies forderecognition under Ind AS 109. A financialliability (or a part of a financial liability) isderecognized from the Company’s balancesheet when the obligation specified in thecontract is discharged or cancelled or expires.
In determining the fair value of its financial
instruments, the Company uses a varietyof methods and assumptions that are basedon market conditions and risks existing ateach reporting date. The methods used todetermine fair value include discounted cashflow analysis, available quoted market pricesand dealer quotes. All methods of assessingfair value result in general approximationof value, and such value may or may not berealized.
Financial assets and liabilities are offset andthe net amount is reported in the balancesheet where there is a legally enforceableright to offset the recognized amounts andthere is an intention to settle on a net basisor realize the asset and settle the liabilitysimultaneously. The legally enforceable rightmust not be contingent on future events andmust be enforceable in the normal courseof business and in the event of default,insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company orthe counterparty.
p) Earnings per share :
The basic earnings per share is computed bydividing the profit/(loss) for the year attributableto the equity shareholders by the weighted averagenumber of equity shares outstanding during theyear. For the purpose of calculating diluted earningsper share, profit/(loss) for the year attributable tothe equity shareholders and the weighted averagenumber of the equity shares outstanding duringthe year are adjusted for the effects of all dilutivepotential equity shares.
q) Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash and cash equivalents include cash on handand demand deposits with banks. Cash equivalentsare short-term balances (with an original maturityof three months or less), highly liquid investmentsthat are readily convertible into known amounts ofcash and which are subject to insignificant risk ofchanges in value.
r) Transactions in foreign currencies:
The financial statements of the Company arepresented in Indian rupees, which is the functionalcurrency of the Company and the presentationcurrency for the financial statements.
Transactions in foreign currencies are recordedat the exchange rates prevailing on the date oftransaction.
Foreign currency monetary assets and liabilitiessuch as cash, receivables, payables, etc., aretranslated at year end exchange rates.
Exchange differences arising on settlement oftransactions and translation of monetary items arerecognised as income or expense in the year inwhich they arise.
s) Segment reporting:
An operating segment is a component of theCompany that engages in business activities fromwhich it may earn revenues and incur expenses,whose operating results are regularly reviewedby the Company’s chief operating decision makerto make decisions for which discrete financialinformation is available. Based on the managementapproach as defined in Ind AS 108, the chiefoperating decision maker evaluates the Company’sperformance and allocates resources based on ananalysis of various performance indicators bybusiness segments and geographic segments.
t) Government grants:
Grants from the government are recognised at fairvalue where there is a reasonable assurance thatthe grant will be received and the Company willcomply with all attached conditions.
Government grants relating to income are deferredand recognised in the profit or loss over the periodnecessary to match them with the costs they areintended to compensate and presented within otherincome.
Government grants relating to the purchase ofProperty, Plant and Equipment are included innon-current liabilities as deferred income and arecredited to profit and loss on a straight line basisover the expected lives of the related assets andpresented within other income.
The benefit of a government loan at below currentmarket rate of interest is treated as a governmentgrant.
u) Leases:
The Company assesses whether a contract containsa lease, at inception of a contract. A contract is, or
contains, a lease if the contract conveys the rightto control the use of an identified asset for a periodof time in exchange for consideration. To assesswhether a contract conveys the right to control theuse of an identified asset, the Company assesseswhether:
(1) The Contract involves the use of an identifiedasset;
(2) The Company has substantially all theeconomic benefits from use of the assetthrough the period of the lease and
(3) The Company has the right to direct the useof the asset.
The Company recognizes a right-of-use asset(“ROU”) and a corresponding lease liability forall lease arrangements in which it is a lessee,except for leases with a term of twelve monthsor less (short-term leases) and low value leases.For these short-term and low value leases, theCompany recognizes the lease payments as anoperating expense on a straight-line basis overthe term of the lease. Certain lease arrangementsincludes the options to extend or terminate thelease before the end of the lease term. ROU assetsand lease liabilities includes these options when itis reasonably certain that they will be exercised.
The right-of-use assets are initially recognized atcost, which comprises the initial amount of thelease liability adjusted for any lease paymentsmade at or prior to the commencement date of thelease plus any initial direct costs less any leaseincentives.
They are subsequently measured at cost lessaccumulated depreciation and impairment losses.
Right-of-use assets are depreciated from thecommencement date on a straight-line basis overthe balance lease term of the underlying asset.Right of use assets are evaluated for recoverabilitywhenever events or changes in circumstancesindicate that their carrying amounts may not berecoverable.”
The lease liability is initially measured atamortized cost at the present value of the futurelease payments. The lease payments are discountedusing the interest rate implicit in the lease or, ifnot readily determinable, using the incrementalborrowing rates in the country of domicile of theleases. Lease liabilities are re-measured with a
corresponding adjustment to the related right ofuse asset if the Company changes its assessmentif whether it will exercise an extension or atermination option.
Lease liability and ROU asset shall be separatelypresented in the Balance Sheet and lease paymentsshall be classified as financing cash flows.
Leases for which the Company is a lessor isclassified as a finance or operating lease. Wheneverthe terms of the lease transfer substantially all therisks and rewards of ownership to the lessee, thecontract is classified as a finance lease. All otherleases are classified as operating leases.
When the Company is an intermediate lessor, itaccounts for its interests in the head lease and thesublease separately. The sublease is classified as afinance or operating lease by reference to the right-of-use asset arising from the head lease.
For operating leases, rental income is recognizedon a straight line basis over the term of the relevantlease.
Operating lease - Rentals payable under operatingleases are charged to the statement of profit andloss on a straight line basis over the term of therelevant lease unless another systematic basis ismore representative of the time pattern in whicheconomic benefits from the leased assets areutilised.
v) Employee share based payments:
Equity- settled share-based payments toemployees are measured at the fair value of theemployee stock options at the grant date. The fairvalue determined at the grant date of the equity-settled share-based payments is amortised over thevesting period, based on the Company’s estimate ofequity instruments that will eventually vest, with acorresponding increase in equity. At the end of eachreporting period, the Company revises its estimateof the number of equity instruments expected tovest. The impact of the revision of the originalestimates, if any, is recognised in the statement ofprofit and loss such that the cumulative expensereflects the revised estimate, with a correspondingadjustment to the equity-settled employee benefitsreserve.
Dividends paid (including income tax thereon)is recognised in the period in which the interimdividends are approved by the Board of Directors,or in respect of the final dividend when approvedby shareholders.
x) Rounding off amounts:
All amounts disclosed in the financial statementsand notes have been rounded off to the nearestlakh with two decimals as per the requirement ofSchedule III, unless otherwise stated.
y) Standards issued but not yet effective:
Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA”) notifiesnew standards or amendments to the existingstandards under Companies (Indian AccountingStandards) Rules as issued from time to time.There are no such notifications applicable witheffect from 01 April, 2025.
. Use of estimates and critical accounting judgements:
In preparation of the financial statements, the Companymakes judgements, estimates and assumptions aboutthe carrying values of assets and liabilities that arenot readily apparent from other sources. The estimatesand the associated assumptions are based on historicalexperience and other factors that are considered to berelevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
The estimates and the underlying assumptions arereviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accountingestimates are recognised in the period in which theestimate is revised and future periods affected.
Significant judgements and estimates relating to thecarrying values of assets and liabilities include usefullives of property, plant and equipment and intangibleassets, impairment of property, plant and equipment,intangible assets and investments, provision foremployee benefits and other provisions, recoverabilityof deferred tax assets, commitments and contingencies.
The following assets of the Company are given as security:
# First exclusive charge on Plant & Machineries and Equitable Mortgage on factory Land & Building at Plot No. 2A,in Sy.Nos. 25 lP, 255P, 256P, 261P, IC- PUDI, Pudi Village, Rambilli Mandal, Visakhapatnam District, AndhraPradesh.
# First exclusive charge on Plant & Machineries at Unit 1 (new Block) at Annaram Vill, Near Air force academy,Medak Dist-502313, Telangana.
# First exclusive charge on Plant & Machineries and Equitable Mortgage on the factory Land & Buildings situated atSurvey no.82/2A, Mahavashi Village, Khandala (Tal), Pune, Satara District, Maharashtra State.
# First Exclusive Charge on Plant & Machinery and Equitable Mortgage on factory Land& Building at Survey No.160/A, 161/1,161/5, Bhimpore Village, Nani Daman, Daman District.
# First exclusive charge on Plant and Machinery and Equitable Mortgage on the factory Land & Buildings situatedat Plot no.94, KIADB- Adakanahally Industrial Area, Chikkaiahnachatra Hobli, Nanjangud Taluk, Mysuru Dist.Karnataka-571301
# First exclusive charges on Plant & Machinery and Equitable Mortgage on factory Land and Building located atG40/2, G41 & G42/1, at Sultanpur Village, Ameenpur Mandal, Sangareddy Dist, Telangana.
# First exclusive charge on Plant & Machineries and Equitable Mortgage on factory Land and Building Plot 29,Industrial Estate, Refinery Road, HSIIDC, Panipat, Haryana.
# First exclusive charge on Plant & Machineries and Equitable Mortgage of Leasehold right of Land and Buildinglocated Plot no c-11, SIPCOT, Industrial Park, Cheyyar, Phase II,.Cheyyar Dist, Tamilnadu.
# First exclusive charge on Plant & Machineries at Mahad & EM on Land and Building located at Plot no FS-42,Mahad Five Star Industrial Area, Mahad, admeasuring 8000 SQ Ft.
# Personal guarantees of J. Lakshmana Rao, A. Subramanyam and P. Venkateswara Rao directors of the Company.
i) First Pari passu charge to the above banks by way of hypothecation of the borrower’s entire current assets which inter-alia include stocks of raw material, work in process, finished goods, consumables, stores & spares and such othermovables including book debts, outstanding monies, receivables both present and future of such form satisfactory to thebank.
ii) First Pari passu charge to the above banks by way of hypothecation of the borrower’s movable properties of the Company(Except those specifically charged to term loan lenders).
iii) First Pari passu charge to the above banks by way of equitable mortgage on the following Immovable properties of theCompany:-
I. First Charge by way of equitable mortgage of land measuring 6.5125 acres and building in Sy.No 54,55/A,70,71&72 of Annaram Village, Near Air Force Academy, Gummadidala Mandal, Sanga Reddy District, Telanganabelonging to the Company.
II. First Charge by way of equitable mortgage of land measuring 6413 Sq. Yards and building in Sy.No. 164 part,Dammarapochampally Village, Gandimaisamma Dundigal Mandal, Medchal District, Telangana belonging to theCompany.
III. First charge by way of equitable mortgage of land measuring 1066.63 Sq. Yards and building in Plot No. D-177phase III, IDA, Jeedimetla, Qutballapur Mandal, Medchal District. Telangana belonging to the Company.
IV. First charge by way of equitable mortgage of ground floor, Cellar area of building bearing Municipal No. 8-2-293/82/A/700&700/1 on Plot No. 700 forming part of S.Y. No. 120(New) of Shaikpet Village and S.Y. No 102/1 ofHakim pet Village admeasuring 3653 SFT of the office space presently occupied by the vendee 50% or 930 SFT ofreception area of 1860 SFT all in relevance to the ground Floor 400 Sq.Yards out of 1955 Sq.Yards situated withinthe approved layout of the Jubilee Hills Co-operative House Building Ltd at Road No. 36 Jubilee hills, belonging tothe Company.
V. First charge by way of equitable mortgage of land and building in Shed No. D-17 & D-18, phase III, IDA, Jeedimetla,Qutballapur Mandal, Medchal District. Telangana belonging to the Company.
VI. Personal guarantees of J. Lakshmana Rao, A. Subramanyam, and P. Venkateswara Rao, directors of the Company.
The above sensitivity analysis is based on a change in each assumption while holding all other assumptions constant.In practice, this is unlikely to occur and changes in some of the assumptions may be correlated. When calculating thesensitivity of the defined benefit obligation to significant actuarial assumptions, the same method (present value of thedefined benefit obligation calculated with the projected unit credit method at the end of the reporting period) has beenapplied as when calculating the defined benefit liability recognised in the balance sheet.
v) Risk exposure
Through its defined benefit plans, the Company is exposed to a number of risks, the most significant of which are detailedbelow:
The defined benefit obligation calculated uses a discount rate based on government bonds. If bond yields fall, the definedbenefit obligation will tend to increase.
Salary inflation risk
Higher than expected increases in salary will increase the defined benefit obligation.
Demographic risk
This is the risk of variability of results due to unsystematic nature of decrements that include mortality, withdrawal,disability and retirement. The effect of these decrements on the defined benefit obligation is not straight forward anddepends upon the combination of salary increase, discount rate and vesting criteria. It is important not to overstatewithdrawals because in the financial analysis the retirement benefit of a short career employee typically costs less peryear as compared to a long service employee.
If significant inputs required to fair value an instruments are observable, the instrument is included in Level 2.
Level 3: If one or more of the significant inputs are not based on observable market data, the instruments is included inlevel 3.
There has been no change in the valuation methodology for Level 3 inputs during the year. The Company has notclassified any material financial instruments under Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. There were no transfers betweenLevel 1 and Level 2 during the year.
Management uses its best judgement in estimating the fair value of its financial instruments. However, there are inherentlimitations in any estimation technique. Therefore, for substantially all financial instruments, the fair value estimatespresented above are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that the Company could have realized or paid in saletransactions as of respective dates. As such, the fair value of financial instruments subsequent to the reporting dates maybe different from the amounts reported at each reporting date. In respect of investments as at the transaction date, theCompany has assessed the fair value to be the carrying value of the investments as these companies are in their initialyears of operations obtaining necessary regulatory approvals to commence their business.
The fair value of trade receivables, trade payables and other Current financial assets and liabilities is considered to beequal to the carrying amounts of these items due to their short-term nature. Where such items are Non-current in nature,the same has been classified as Level 3 and fair value determined using discounted cash flow basis. Similarly, unquotedequity instruments where most recent information to measure fair value is insufficient, or if there is a wide range ofpossible fair value measurements, cost has been considered as the best estimate of fair value.
The Company is exposed to market risk (fluctuation in foreign currency exchange rates, price and interest rate), liquidityrisk and credit risk, which may adversely impact the fair value of its financial instruments. The Company assesses theunpredictability of the financial environment and seeks to mitigate potential adverse effects on the financial performanceof the Company.
(A) Market risk
Market risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate becauseof changes in market prices. Market risk comprises of currency risk, interest rate risk and price risk. Financialinstruments affected by market risk include loans and borrowings, trade receivables and trade payables involvingforeign currency exposure. The sensitivity analyses in the following sections relate to the position as at 31 March,2025 and 31 March, 2024.
The analysis exclude the impact of movements in market variables on the carrying values of financial assets andliabilties.
The sensitivity of the relevant profit or loss item is the effect of the assumed changes in respective market risks. Thisis based on the financial assets and financial liabilities held at 31 March, 2025 and 31 March, 2024.
(i) Foreign currency exchange rate risk
Foreign currency risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of an exposure will fluctuate because ofchanges in foreign exchange rates. The Company’s exposure to the risk of changes in foreign exchange ratesrelates primarily to the trade/ other payables, trade/other receivables and derivative assets/liabilities. The risksprimarily relate to fluctuations in US Dollar, AUD, EURO, JPY and AED against the functional currencies ofthe Company. The Company’s exposure to foreign currency changes for all other currencies is not material.The Company evaluates the impact of foreign exchange rate fluctuations by assessing its exposure to exchangerate risks.
The following tables demonstrate the sensitivity to a reasonably possible change in US Dollar, AUD, EURO,JPY and AED exchange rates, with all other variables held constant. The impact on the Company’s profitbefore tax is due to changes in the fair value of monetary assets and liabilities.
The movement in the pre-tax effect is a result of a change in the fair value of monetary assets and liabilitiesdenominated in US Dollar, AUD, EURO, JPY and AED, where the functional currency of the entity is a currencyother than US Dollar, AUD, EURO, JPY and AED.
(iii) Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate becauseof change in market interest rates. The Company’s exposure to the risk of changes in market interest rates relatesprimarily to the Company’s debt obligations with floating interest rates. As the Company has certain debt obligationswith floating interest rates, exposure to the risk of changes in market interest rates are dependent of changes inmarket interest rates. Management monitors the movement in interest rate and, wherever possible, reacts to materialmovements in such rates by restructuring its financing arrangement.
As the Company has no significant interest bearing assets, the income and operating cash flows are substantiallyindependent of changes in market interest rates.
Financial assets of the Company include trade receivables, loans to wholly owned subsidiary, employee advances,security deposits held with government authorities and bank deposits which represents Company’s maximumexposure to the credit risk.
With respect to credit exposure from customers, the Company has a procedure in place aiming to minimise collectionlosses. Credit Control team assesses the credit quality of the customers, their financial position, past experience inpayments and other relevant factors. The Company’s exposure to credit risk is influenced mainly by the individualcharacteristics of each customer. However, management also considers the factors that may influence the creditrisk of its customer base, including default risk associate with the industry and country in which customers operate.Credit quality of a customer is assessed based on an extensive credit rating scorecard and individual credit limits aredefined in accordance with this assessment. With respect to other financial assets viz., loans & advances, depositswith government and banks, the credit risk is insignificant since the loans & advances are given to its wholly ownedsubsidiary and employees only and deposits are held with government bodies and reputable banks. The creditquality of the financial assets is satisfactory, taking into account the allowance for credit losses.
Credit risk on trade receivables and other financial assets is evaluated as follows:
40. The Company has received a letter dated 30 September, 2024, under Section 37 (1) and (3) of the Foreign ExchangeManagement Act, 1999 read with Section 131(1) of the Income Tax Act, 1961 from the Directorate of Enforcement,Government of India (“ED”) requesting certain information for the purpose of investigation. The Company has respondedto the ED letter by providing the information requested for vide replies dated 9 October, 2024, 5 November, 2024, 25November, 2024 and 15 May, 2025 . The letter has only sought for certain information, which has been complied with,and it is neither a show cause notice nor demand. Hence there is no impact to the financial statements.
41. Code on Social Security: The Indian Parliament has approved the Code on Social Security, 2020 which would impactthe contributions by the company towards Provident Fund and Gratuity. The Ministry of Labour and Employment hasreleased draft rules for the Code on Social Security, 2020 on November 13, 2020, and has invited suggestions fromstakeholders which are under active consideration by the Ministry. The Company will assess the impact and its evaluationonce the subject rules are notified and will give appropriate impact in its financial statements in the period in which, theCode becomes effective and the related rules to determine the financial impact are published.
42. No funds have been advanced or loaned or invested (either from borrowed funds or share premium or any other sourcesor kind of funds) by the Company to or in any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (“Intermediaries”)with the understanding, whether recorded in writing or otherwise, that the Intermediary shall lend or invest in partyidentified by or on behalf of the Company (Ultimate Beneficiaries). The Company has not received any fund from anyparty(s) (Funding Party) with the understanding that the Company shall whether, directly or indirectly lend or invest inother persons or entities identified by or on behalf of the Company (“Ultimate Beneficiaries”) or provide any guarantee,security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
43. The company has an accounting software for maintaining its books of account having the feature of recording audit trail(edit log) facility and the same has operated throughout the year for all relevant transactions recorded in the softwareand the same is preserved. Further, the audit trail is not disabled. However, the feature of recording audit trail (edit log)facility at database level is not enabled.
As per our report of even date For and on behalf of Board
For M.Anandam & Co.,
Chartered Accountants Sd/- Sd/-
(Firm Registration Number: 000125S) J. Lakshmana Rao A. Subramanyam
Chairman & Managing Director Deputy Managing Director
Sd/- DIN: 00649702 DIN: 00654046
B V Suresh Kumar
Partner
Membership No. 212187 Sd/- Sd/-
A. Seshu Kumari Harshita Suresh Chandnani
Place : Hyderabad Chief Financial Officer Company Secretary
Date : 19 May, 2025 M.No.ACS64959