2.11 Provisions and contingent liabilities2.11.1 Provisions
Provisions are recognized when the Company has a presentlegal or constructive obligation as a result of past events,it is probable that an outflow of resources will be requiredto settle the obligation and the amount can be reliablyestimated.
Provisions are measured at the present value ofmanagement's best estimate of the expenditure requiredto settle the present obligation at the end of the reportingperiod. The discount rate used to determine the present valueis a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments ofthe time value of money and the risks specific to the liability.The increase in the provision due to the passage of timeis recognized as an interest expense. Provisions are notrecognized for future operating losses.
Provisions for onerous contracts are recognized when theexpected benefits to be desired by the Company from acontract are lower than unavoidable costs of meeting futureobligations under the contract and are measured at thepresent value of lower-than-expected net cost of fulfillingthe contract and expected cost of terminating the contract.
2.11.2 Contingencies
Contingent liability is disclosed for all possible obligationsthat arises from past events and whose existence will beconfirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of oneor more uncertain future events not wholly within the controlof the company (or) present obligations arising from pastevents where it is not probable that an outflow of resourcesembodying economic benefits will be required to settle theobligation or a sufficiently reliable estimate of the amountof the obligation cannot be made. Contingent liabilities arenot recognized but disclose their existence in the financialstatements unless the probability of outflow of resourcesis remote. A contingent asset is neither recognized nordisclosed in the financial statements.
2.12 Revenue recognition
Revenue from contracts with customers is recognised, onthe basis of approved contracts, when control of the goodsor services is transferred to the customer at an amountthat reflects the consideration entitled in exchange forthose goods or services. The Company is the principal as ittypically controls the goods or services before transferringthem to the customer. The method for recognising revenuesand costs depends on the nature of services rendered asmentioned below:
i) Revenue from sale of products is recognised at thepoint in time when control of the goods is transferredto the customer, generally upon delivery of the goods.
ii) Revenue from rendering of services:
a) Designing services include fixed price contractsand time and material contracts.
Revenue from fixed price contracts is recognisedas per the 'percentage-of-completion' method,where the performance obligations are satisfiedover time and when there is no uncertainty as tomeasurement or collectability of consideration.When there is uncertainty as to measurementor ultimate collectability, revenue recognitionis postponed until such uncertainty is resolved.Percentage of completion is determinedbased on the project costs incurred to date asa percentage of total estimated project costsrequired to complete the project. The inputmethod has been used to measure the progresstowards completion as there is direct relationshipbetween input and productivity.
Revenue from time and material contracts arerecognised as the related services are performed,which is pursued based on the efforts spent andagreed rate with the customer. Revenue from the
end of the last invoicing to the reporting date isrecognised as unbilled revenue.
b) Revenue from rendering of job work services isrecognised over time by measuring the progresstowards complete satisfaction of performanceobligations at the reporting period.
Revenue towards satisfaction of a performanceobligation is measured at the amount of transactionprice (net of variable consideration) allocated to thatperformance obligation. The arrangement with thecustomer specifies services to be rendered which meetcriteria of performance obligations. For allocation,transaction price, the Company measures the revenuein respect of each performance obligation of a contractat its relative standalone selling price. The transactionprice of goods sold and services rendered is net ofvariable consideration. Variable consideration includescash contributions, incentives, volume rebates,discounts etc., which is estimated at contract inceptionconsidering the terms of various schemes withcustomers and constrained until it is highly probablethat a significant revenue reversal in the amount ofcumulative revenue recognised will not occur when theassociated uncertainty with the variable considerationis subsequently resolved. It is reassessed at end of eachreporting period.
Trade receivables
The Company classifies the right to consideration inexchange for deliverables as either receivables or ascontract asset. A receivable is recognised if an amountof consideration that is unconditional (i.e., only thepassage of time is required before payment of theconsideration is due). Refer to accounting policies offinancial assets in section 2.15 Financial instruments -initial recognition and subsequent measurement.
Contract assets
A contract asset is the right to consideration inexchange for goods or services transferred to thecustomer. If the Company performs by transferringgoods or services to a customer before the customerpays consideration or before payment is due, a contractasset is recognised for the earned consideration thatis conditional. Contract assets are transferred toreceivables when the rights become unconditional.
Contract assets are subject to impairment assessment.Refer to accounting policies on impairment offinancial assets.
Contract liabilities
A contract liability is recognised if a payment isreceived or a payment is due (whichever is earlier) froma customer before the Company transfers the relatedgoods or services. Contract liabilities are recognisedas revenue when the Company performs under thecontract (i.e., transfers control of the related goods orservices to the customer).
Generally, the Company receives advances from fewof its customers. If there is manufacturing lead timeof more than 1 year after signing the contract andreceipt of payment, then there is a significant financingcomponent for these contracts considering the lengthof time between the customers' payment and thetransfer of the goods. As such, the transaction pricefor these contracts is discounted, using the interestrate implicit in the contract (i.e., the interest rate thatdiscounts the cash selling price of the equipment to theamount paid in advance). This rate is commensuratewith the rate that would be reflected in a separatefinancing transaction between the Company and thecustomer at contract inception. Using the practicalexpedient in Ind AS 115, the Company does not adjustthe promised amount of consideration for the effectsof a significant financing component if it expects, atcontract inception, that the period between the transferof the promised good or service to the customer andwhen the customer pays for that good or service willbe one year or less.
2.13 Interest Income
Interest income from a financial asset is recognized whenit is probable that the economic benefits will flow to theCompany and the amount of income can be measuredreliably. Interest income is accrued on a time basis, byreference to the principal outstanding and at the effectiveinterest rate applicable.
2.14 Employee benefit plans
Employee benefits include provident fund, employee's stateinsurance scheme, gratuity fund and compensated absences.
Post-employment obligations:
Defined contribution plans:
Contributions in respect of Employees' Provident Fundwhich are defined contribution schemes, are made to afund administered and managed by the Government ofIndia and are charged as an expense based on the amountof contribution required to be made and when service arerendered by the employees.
Defined benefit plansGratuity:
The Company accounts for its liability towards Gratuity basedThe Company accounts for its liability towards Gratuity basedon actuarial valuation made by an independent actuary as atthe balance sheet date using projected unit credit method.The liability recognized in the balance sheet in respect ofthe gratuity plan is the present value of the defined benefitobligation at the end of the reporting period less the fairvalue of the plant assets.
The present value of the defined benefit obligation isdetermined by discounting the estimated future cashoutflows by reference to market yields at the end of thereporting period on government bonds that have termsapproximating to the terms of the related obligation. Thenet interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rateto the net balance of the defined obligation and the fair valueof plan assets. This cost is included in the employee benefitexpense in the statement of profit and loss. Remeasurementgains and losses arising from experience adjustments andchanges in actuarial assumptions are recognized in theperiod in which they occur, directly in other comprehensiveincome. Changes in the present value of the defined benefitobligation resulting from plan amendments or curtailmentsare recognized immediately in the statement of profit andloss as past service cost.
Compensated absences:
The employees of the Company are entitled to compensatedabsences. The employees can carry-forward a portion ofthe unutilized accrued compensated absence and utilizeit in future periods or receive cash compensation atretirement or termination of employment for the unutilizedaccrued compensated absence. The Company recordsan obligation for compensated absences in the period inwhich the employee renders the services that increase thisentitlement. The Company measures the expected cost ofcompensated absence based on actuarial valuation madeby an independent actuary as at the balance sheet date onprojected unit credit method.
Share based payments
The Company recognizes compensation expense relatingto share based payments in the statement of profit and loss,using fair value in accordance with Ind AS 102, Share basedpayments.
The Stock options are measured at the fair value of the equityinstruments at the grant date, based on option valuationmodel (Black Scholes model). The fair value determined at thegrant date of the stock options is expensed on a straight-linebasis over the vesting period, based on the Company's
estimate of the equity instruments that will eventually vest,with a corresponding increase in share-based paymentsreserve in equity.
At the end of each reporting period, the Company revises itsestimate of the number of equity instruments expected tovest. The impact of the original estimates, if any, is recognisedin statement of profit and loss such that the cumulativeexpense reflects the revised estimate, with a correspondingadjustment to the share-based payments reserve in equity.The equity settlement component is not remeasured ateach reporting date. The cash settlement component isremeasured at each reporting date and at settlement datebased on the fair value of the liability with any changes inthe fair value recognised in the statement of profit and loss.
Other short-term employee benefits
Other short-term employee benefits and performanceincentives expected to be paid in exchange for the servicesrendered by employees are recognized during the periodwhen the employee renders service.
2.15 Financial instruments
a) Initial recognition:
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognizedwhen a Company entity becomes a party to thecontractual provisions of the instruments.
Financial assets and financial liabilities are initiallymeasured at fair value except trade receivable.Transaction costs that are directly attributable to theacquisition or issue of financial assets and financialliabilities (other than financial assets and financialliabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are addedto or deducted from the fair value of the financialassets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initialrecognition. Transaction costs directly attributable tothe acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilitiesat fair value through profit or loss are recognizedimmediately in profit or loss. Trade receivables thatdo not contain a significant financing componentor for which the Company has applied the practicalexpedient are measured at the transaction pricedetermined under Ind AS 115. Refer to the accountingpolicies in section 2.12 Revenue recognition.
b) Subsequent Measurement:
(i) Financial assets
All regular way purchases or sales of financial assetsare recognized and derecognized on a trade date basis.Regular way purchases or sales are purchases or salesof financial assets that require delivery of assets withinthe time frame established by regulation or conventionin the marketplace.
All recognized financial assets are subsequentlymeasured in their entirety at either amortized costor fair value, depending on the classification of thefinancial assets.
Classification of financial assets:Financial assets carried at amortized cost:
A financial asset is subsequently measured atamortized cost if it is held within a business modelwhose objective is to hold the asset in order to collectcontractual cash flows and the contractual terms of thefinancial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flowsthat are solely payments of principal and interest onthe principal amount outstanding.
Financial assets at fair value through othercomprehensive income:
A financial asset is subsequently measured at fairvalue through other comprehensive income if it isheld within a business model whose objective isachieved by both collecting contractual cash flowsand selling financial assets and the contractual termsof the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cashflows that are solely payments of principal and intereston the principal amount outstanding. The Companyhas made an irrevocable election for its investmentswhich are classified as equity instruments to presentthe subsequent changes in fair value in othercomprehensive income based on its business model.
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss:
A financial asset which is not classified in any of theabove categories are subsequently fair valued throughprofit or loss.
(ii) Financial liability:
All financial liabilities are subsequently measured atamortized cost using the effective interest method.For trade and other payables maturing within oneyear from the Balance Sheet date, the carrying amountsapproximate fair value due to the short maturity ofthese instruments.
Financial Liability subsequently measured atamortized cost
Financial liabilities that are not held-for-tradingand are not designated as at FVTPL are measured atamortized cost at the end of subsequent accountingperiods. The carrying amounts of financial liabilitiesthat are subsequently measured at amortized cost aredetermined based on the effective interest method.Interest expense that is not capitalized as part of costsof an asset is included in the 'Finance costs' line item.
Supplier Finance Arrangements
The Company has established supplier financearrangements (Refer Note 15). The Company evaluateswhether financial liabilities covered such arrangementscontinue to be classified within trade payables, or theyneed to be classified as a borrowing or as part of otherfinancial liabilities/ as a separate line item on the faceof the balance sheet. Such evaluation requires exerciseof judgment basis specific terms of the arrangement.
The Company classifies financial liabilities coveredunder supplier finance arrangement within tradepayables in the balance sheet only if (i) the obligationrepresents a liability to pay for goods and services, (ii)is invoiced and formally agreed with the supplier, (iii) ispart of the working capital used in its normal operatingcycle, (iv) the company is not legally released from itsoriginal obligation to the supplier, and has not assumeda new obligation toward the bank, and another party(v) there is no substantial modification to the terms ofthe liability.
If one or more of the above criteria are not met, theCompany derecognises its original liability toward thesupplier and recognise a new liability toward the bankwhich is classified as bank borrowing or other financialliability, depending on factors such as whether theCompany (i) has obligation toward bank, (ii) is gettingextended credit period such that obligation is no longerpart of its working capital cycle, (iii) is paying interestdirectly or indirectly, (iv) has provided guarantee orsecurity, and/ or (v) is recognized as borrower in thebank books.
Cash flows related to liabilities arising from supplierfinance arrangements are included in operatingactivities in the standalone statement of cash flows,when the Company finally settles the liability, reflectingthe substance of the payment.
c) Foreign exchange gains and losses:
For foreign currency denominated financial assetsmeasured at amortized cost and FVTPL, the exchangedifferences are recognized in profit or loss except forthose which are designated as hedging instruments ina hedging relationship.
Changes in the carrying amount of investments inequity instruments at FVTOCI relating to changesin foreign currency rates are recognized in othercomprehensive income.
For the purposes of recognizing foreign exchangegains and losses, FVTOCI debt instruments are treated
as financial assets measured at amortized cost.Thus, the exchange differences on the amortized costare recognized in profit or loss and other changes inthe fair value of FVTOCI financial assets are recognizedin other comprehensive income.
For financial liabilities that are denominated in aforeign currency and are measured at amortizedcost at the end of each reporting period, the foreignexchange gains and losses are determined basedon the amortized cost of the instruments and arerecognized in 'Other income'
The fair value of financial liabilities denominatedin a foreign currency is determined in that foreigncurrency and translated at the spot rate at the endof the reporting period. For financial liabilities thatare measured as at FVTPL, the foreign exchangecomponent forms part of the fair value gains or lossesand is recognized in profit or loss.
d) De-recognition of financial assets and liabilities:Financial assets
The Company derecognizes a financial asset whenthe contractual rights to the cash flows from the assetexpire, or when it transfers the financial asset andsubstantially all the risks and rewards of ownershipof the asset to another party. If the Company retainssubstantially all the risk and rewards of ownership ofa transferred financial asset, the Company continuesto recognize the financial asset and also recognizes acollateralized borrowing for the proceeds received.
On de-recognition of a financial asset in its entirety, thedifference between the asset's carrying amount and thesum of the consideration received and receivable andthe cumulative gain or loss that had been recognizedin other comprehensive income and accumulated inequity is recognized in profit or loss if such gain or losswould have otherwise been recognized in profit or losson disposal of that financial asset.
Financial liabilities
The Company derecognizes financial liabilities when,and only when, the Company's obligations aredischarged, cancelled or have expired. The differencebetween the carrying amount of the financial liabilityderecognized and the consideration paid and payableis recognized in statement of profit and loss.
2.16 Determination of fair values
In determining the fair value of its financial instruments, the
Company uses a variety of methods and assumptions that
are based on market conditions and risks existing at each
reporting date. The methods used to determine fair valueinclude discounted cash flow analysis, available quotedmarket prices and dealer quotes. All methods of assessingfair value result in general approximation of value, and suchvalue may never actually be realized.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell anasset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transactionbetween market participants at the measurement date,regardless of whether that price is directly observable orestimated using another valuation technique. In estimatingthe fair value of an asset or a liability, the Company considersthe characteristics of asset or liability of market participantswhen pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date.
Fair value for measurement and/or disclosure purposes inthese Financial statements is determined on such a basis,except for share-based payment transactions that are withinthe scope of Ind AS 102, leasing transactions that are withinthe scope of Ind AS 116, and measurements that have somesimilarities to fair value but are not fair value, such as netrealizable value in Ind AS 2 or value in use in Ind AS 36.
In addition, for financial reporting purposes, fair valuemeasurements are categorized into Level 1, 2, or 3 basedon the degree to which the inputs to the fair valuemeasurements are observable and the significance of theinputs to the fair value measurement in its entirety, whichare described as follows:
• Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in activemarkets for identical assets or liabilities that the entitycan access at the measurement date;
• Level 2 inputs are inputs, other than quoted pricesincluded within Level 1, that are observable for the assetor liability, either directly or indirectly; and
• Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset orliability.
!.17 Impairment of assetsFinancial assets
The Company recognizes loss allowances using theexpected credit loss (ECL) model for the financial assetswhich are not fair valued through statement of profit andloss. Loss allowance for trade receivables with no significantfinancing component is measured at an amount equal tolifetime ECL. For all other financial assets, expected creditlosses are measured at an amount equal to the 12-monthECL, unless there has been a significant increase in credit riskfrom initial recognition in which case those are measuredat lifetime ECL. The amount of expected credit losses (orreversal) that is required to adjust the loss allowance atthe reporting date to the amount that is required to be
supplier finance arrangements and require additionaldisclosure of such arrangements. The disclosurerequirements in the amendments are intended to assistusers of financial statements in understanding theeffects of supplier finance arrangements on an entity'sliabilities, cash flows and exposure to liquidity risk.
As a result of implementing the amendments, theCompany has provided additional disclosures aboutits supplier finance arrangement. Please refer to Note2.15(b)(ii) and Note 15.
(iv) Amendments to Ind AS 12 - International TaxReform-Pillar Two Model Rules
In August 2025, the MCA notified amendments to IndAS 12 Income Taxes in response to the OECD's BEPSPillar Two rules and include:
• A mandatory temporary exception to therecognition and disclosure of deferred taxes arisingfrom the jurisdictional implementation of the PillarTwo model rules; and
recognised as an impairment gain or loss in the statementof profit and loss.
For trade receivables, the Company applies the simplifiedapproach permitted by Ind AS 109 Financial Instruments,which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognizedfrom initial recognition of the receivables. As a practicalexpedient, the Company uses a provision matrix todetermine impairment loss of its trade receivables.The provision matrix is based on its historically observeddefault rates over the expected life of the trade receivableand is adjusted for forward looking estimates. The ECL lossallowance (or reversal) during the year is recognized in thestatement of profit and loss.
Non-financial assets
Intangible assets, property, plant and equipment and ROUassets are evaluated for recoverability whenever eventsor changes in circumstances indicate that their carryingamounts may not be recoverable. For the purpose ofimpairment testing, the recoverable amount (i.e., thehigher of the fair value less cost to sell and the value-in-use)is determined on an individual asset basis unless the assetdoes not generate cash flows that are largely independentof those from other assets. In such cases, the recoverableamount is determined for the CGU to which the assetbelongs. Intangible assets under development are tested forimpairment annually. The Company bases its impairmentcalculation on detailed budgets and forecast calculations,which are prepared separately for each of the Company'sCGUs to which the individual assets are allocated.
If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairmentto be recognized in the statement of profit and loss ismeasured by the amount by which the carrying value ofthe assets exceeds the estimated recoverable amount ofthe asset. An impairment loss is reversed in the statementof profit and loss if there has been a change in the estimatesused to determine the recoverable amount. The carryingamount of the asset is increased to its revised recoverableamount, provided that this amount does not exceed thecarrying amount that would have been determined (netof any accumulated amortization or depreciation) had noimpairment loss been recognized for the asset in prior years.
2.18 Earnings per share:
The Company presents basic and diluted earnings per share("EPS") data for its ordinary shares. Basic EPS is calculatedby dividing the profit or loss attributable to ordinaryshareholders of the Company by the weighted averagenumber of ordinary shares outstanding during the year.Diluted EPS is determined by adjusting the profit or lossattributable to ordinary shareholders and the weighted
average number of ordinary shares outstanding for theeffects of all dilutive potential ordinary shares.
2.19 New and amended standards
The Company applied for the first-time certain standardsand amendments, which are effective for annual periodsbeginning on or after 1 April 2025. The Company has notearly adopted any standard, interpretation or amendmentthat has been issued but is not yet effective.
(i) Amendments to Ind AS 21 - Lack of exchangeability
The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) notifiedthe Companies (Indian Accounting Standards)Amendment Rules, 2025, which amend Ind AS 21,The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Ratesto specify how an entity should assess whether acurrency is exchangeable and how it should determinea spot exchange rate when exchangeability is lacking.The amendments also require disclosure of informationthat enables users of its financial statements tounderstand how the currency not being exchangeableinto the other currency affects, or is expected to affect,the entity's financial performance, financial positionand cash flows.
The amendments are effective for annual reportingperiods beginning on or after 01 April 2025.When applying the amendments, an entity cannotrestate comparative information.
The amendments do not have a material impact on theCompany's standalone financial statements.
(ii) Amendments to Ind AS 1 - Classification ofLiabilities as Current or Non-current and Non¬current Liabilities with Covenants
In August 2025, the MCA notified amendmentsto paragraphs 69 to 76 of Ind AS 1 to specify therequirements for classifying liabilities as current ornon-current.
The amendments are effective for annual reportingperiods beginning on or after 1 April 2025retrospectively in accordance with Ind AS 8.
The amendments have not resulted in additionaldisclosures and have not had an impact on theclassification of Company's liabilities.
(iii) Amendments to Ind AS 7 and Ind AS 107 - SupplierFinance Arrangements
In August 2025, the MCA notified amendments to IndAS 7 Statement of Cash Flows and Ind AS 107 FinancialInstruments: Disclosures to clarify the characteristics of
• Disclosure requirements for affected entities to helpusers of the financial statements better understandan entity's exposure to Pillar Two income taxesarising from that legislation, particularly before itseffective date.
The mandatory temporary exception - the use of whichis required to be disclosed - applies immediately.
The remaining disclosure requirements apply forannual reporting periods beginning on or after01 April 2025, but not for any interim periods endingon or before 31 March 2026.
The amendments had no impact on the Company'sstandalone financial statements as the Company is notin scope of the Pillar Two model rules.
2.20 Standards notified but not yet effective
There are no standards that are notified and not yet effectiveas on the date.
company grants credit terms in the normal course of business. The average credit period is between 60-90 days. Before acceptingany new customer, the Company uses an internal credit scoring system to assess the potential customer's credit quality and definescredit limits for each customer. Limits and scoring attributed to customers are reviewed once a year.
As a practical expedient, the Company uses a provision matrix to determine impairment loss of its trade receivables. The provisionmatrix is based on its historically observed default rates over the expected life of the trade receivable and is adjusted for forwardlooking estimates. Accordingly, the Company creates provision for past due receivables less than 365 days ranging between1%-30% and 100% for the receivables due beyond 365 days. The ECL allowance (or reversal) during the year is recognised in thestatement of profit and loss.
(D) Rights, preferences and restrictions attached to equity shares:
The parent company has only one class of equity shares having a par value of C10 per share. Each holder of equity shares isentitled to one vote per share. In the event of liquidation, the equity shareholders are eligible to receive the remaining assetsof the Group in proportion to their shareholding.
(E) Equity shares issued as bonus during the five years preceding March 31, 2026:
Pursuant to resolution passed by the Directors of the Company on December 13, 2022 and approved by the extraordinarygeneral meeting held on December 14, 2022, the Company had allotted 49,929,000 fully paid-up equity shares of face valueof C10 each by way of bonus issue to its shareholders bonus shares in the ratio of 1:17.
(F) Employee Share based expenses:
(i) Cyient Limited ("Ultimate Holding Company" of the Company) instituted Associate stock option plan 2015 (ASOP 2015) inJuly 2015 and earmarked 1,200,000 equity shares of C5 each for issue to the employees of the Holding Company and itssubsidiaries. Under ASOP 2015, options will be issued to employees at an exercise price, which shall not be less than themarket price of the Ultimate Holding Company on the date of grant. These options vest over a period ranging from oneto three years from the date of grant, starting with 10% at the end of first year, 15% at the end of one and half years, 20%after two years, 25% at the end of two and half years and 30% at the end of third year. Share based expenses incurred byUltimate Holding Company are recharged to respective group companies. In this regard, the Company has accounted forshare based expenses in the statement of profit and loss and a corresponding liability towards amount payable to UltimateHolding Company.
(ii) Cyient Limited ("Ultimate Holding Company" of the Company) instituted the ARSU's 2020 plan earmarking 1,050,000 sharesof C5 each which provided for grant of RSUs to eligible associates of the Company and its subsidiaries. The Board of Directorsrecommended the establishment of the plan on January 16, 2020 and the shareholders approved the recommendation ofBoard of Directors on March 5, 2020 through a postal ballot. The RSUs will vest over a period of three years from the date ofgrant. These options vest over a period ranging from one to three years from the date of grant, starting with 30% at the endof first year, 50 % after two years, 20% at the end of third year. Share based expenses incurred by Ultimate Holding Companyare recharged to respective group companies. In this regard, the Company has accounted for share based expenses in thestatement of profit and loss and a corresponding liability towards amount payable to Ultimate Holding Company.
(iv) Cyient DLM Limited instituted the restricted stock unit plan 2023 plan earmarking 7,33,800 shares of C10 each which providedfor grant of RSUs to eligible associates of the Company and its subsidiaries. The Board of Directors recommended theestablishment of the plan on July 21,2023 and the shareholders approved the recommendation of Board of Directors onSeptember 9, 2023 through a postal ballot. The RSUs will vest over a period of three years from the date of grant.
The fair value of options were priced using Black Scholes pricing model. Grant date share price - C811 - C874 Dividend yield(%) - 2.6 - 2.9, Expected volatility (%) - 38.73 - 41.90, Risk-free interest (%) - 4.96 - 6.8, Expected term (in years) - 3.
(iii) Cyient Limited ("Ultimate Holding Company" of the Company) has instituted the ASOP 2021 scheme and also incorporated'Cyient Associate Stock Option Scheme 2021 Trust' (Trust), whereunder shares were purchased from the stock exchangesthrough the Trust. KP Corporate Solutions Limited, Corporate Trustee, has been appointed as trustee for this Trust.Shareholders of the Ultimate Holding Company have approved the Scheme and the formation of Trust through postalballot on February 23, 2021.
During the year ended March 31,2022, Trust purchased 1,079,000 shares. The options will vest over 3 years from the grantdate and the Leadership Nomination and Remuneration Committee will determine the vesting schedule. Vesting in anyparticular year will not exceed 50% of the total grant. Share based expenses incurred by Ultimate Holding Company arerecharged to respective group companies. In this regard, the Company has accounted for share based expenses in thestatement of profit and loss and a corresponding liability towards amount payable to Ultimate Holding Company.
Nature and Purpose :
(a) General reserve:
The general reserve is used from time to time to transfer profits from retained earnings for appropriation purposes. As thegeneral reserve is created by a transfer from one component of equity to another and is not an item of other comprehensiveincome, items included in the general reserve will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss.
(b) Securities premium:
Amounts received on issue of shares in excess of the par value has been classified as securities premium. The reserve is utilisedin accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013.
(c) Retained earnings
(i) Retained earnings comprises of prior years' undistributed earnings after taxes along with current year profit.
(ii) Remeasurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions arerecognised in the period in which they occur, directly in other comprehensive income. These are presented withinretained earnings.
(d) Share based payments reserve
The Share based payments reserve is used to record the value of equity-settled share based payment transactions withemployees. The amounts recorded in this account are transferred to Equity upon exercise of stock options by employees.
Details of the borrowings along with their terms and conditions:a. Term loan from related party:
The Company had obtained a term loan of C1,000.00 from Cyient Limited for capital expenditure purposes, disbursed inmultiple tranches commencing from February 2019. Originally, the loan was scheduled to be repaid in 16 equal quarterlyinstalments starting from June 2023 for each tranche.
During the financial year 2022-23, the Company renewed the term loan agreement with Cyient Limited. As per theterms of the renewed agreement, the repayment of the loan was rescheduled to commence from June 2024 in 16 equalquarterly instalments. Additionally, it was agreed that the interest accrued on the loan as of March 31, 2024, would berepaid proportionately along with the principal repayments. However, the entire accrued interest up to March 31,2024, wassubsequently paid in full during previous year.
During the current financial year, the Company has fully repaid the term loan obtained from Cyient Limited, includingrepayment of all outstanding principal amounts along with the applicable interest. The repayment was made in advance
(e) Equity Instruments through OCI
Represents the cumulative gains and losses arising on fair valuation of the equity instruments measured at fair valuethrough OCI.
(f) Cash flow hedge reserve
Represents effective portion of gain and loss on designated portion of hedging instruments in a cash flow hedge, net of tax.
* The Company has entered into supplier finance arrangements through the Trade Receivables Discounting System (TReDS) platform. Under thesearrangements, participating financiers settle approved invoices of suppliers earlier, and the Company undertakes to pay the financiers the invoiceamount on the revised due date agreed under the arrangement. These arrangements do not involve the Company providing guarantees orcollateral to the financiers.
There were no significant non-cash changes in the carrying amount included in the Company's supplier finance arrangement.
The entire balance represents financial liabilities in respect of which suppliers have already received payment from financeproviders under the supplier finance arrangements.
The range of payment due dates for financial liabilities under supplier finance arrangements is between 30 to 90 daysThere were no significant non-cash changes in the carrying amount included in the Company's supplier finance arrangement.
On 21 November 2025, the Central Government issued four separate notifications in the Official Gazette announcing implementationof four Labour Codes, viz., the Code on Wages, 2019, the Industrial Relations Code, 2020, the Code on Social Security, 2020 andthe Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020. These four codes replace and consolidate 29 existing labourlaws. Following the implementation of the four labour codes, the Central Government has pre-published the draft rules on 31December 2025 under the respective Labour Codes, for public comment and the final rules are expected to be notified in duecourse. To ensure smooth implementation, the Ministry of Labour and Employment has also issued the Frequently Asked Questions(FAQs) on the four codes.
The four codes prescribe an inclusive definition of the term 'wages', which among other matters is relevant for determination ofpost-employment benefits including gratuity to all employees. In accordance with the definition, certain specified items formingpart of remuneration are not included in the wages and these excluded items cannot exceed 50% of total remuneration. If thereis an excess, then it is presumed that excess amount also forms part of wages. The four codes also introduce changes related toleave entitlement and encashment for workers. Going forward, workers' leave balance in excess of 30 days will be encashed atthe end of each calendar year and workers will have a right to demand encashment for entire leave.
The Company has assessed the impact of these changes on the basis of legal view obtained by the management and the bestinformation available till authorisation of the financial statements for issue. The Company has determined that these changesresult in an increase in gratuity obligation and leave obligation of C12.82 and C4.45, respectively. The Company has presentedincrease in obligation as an expense under the head "Employee Benefit Expense" in the standalone statement of profit and loss forthe year ended 31 March 2026. Considering that it is emerging topic and the finalisation of Central/ State Rules is still pending, theCompany will continue monitoring changes and provide appropriate accounting effect as required based on future developments.
Notes:
i. Expenditure for Corporate Social Responsibility:
The Company contributes towards Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities through Cyient Foundation and CyientUrban Micro Skill Centre Foundation. The Company has formed CSR committee as per Section 135 of the Companies Act,2013 to formulate and recommend to the Board, a Corporate Social Responsibility Policy which shall indicate the activitiesto be undertaken by the company as specified by law. The areas for CSR activities are promoting education, adoption ofschools, facilitating skill development, medical and other social projects. Expenses incurred on CSR activities through CyientFoundation and contributions towards other charitable institutions are charged to the statement of profit and loss under'Other Expenses': April 2025 to March 2026 - C16.14, April 2024 to March 2025 - C11.66
29. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS:
The employee benefit schemes are as under: :
1. Defined contribution plans1. Provident fund:
The Company makes provident fund contributions which are defined contribution plans for qualifying employees.Under the scheme, the Company is required to contribute a specified percentage of the payroll costs to fund the benefits.These contributions are made to the Fund administered and managed by the Government of India. The Company's monthlycontributions are charged to the statement of profit and loss in the period they are incurred.
Total expense recognised during the year ended as follows:
i. Year ended March 2026 : C37.50
ii. Year ended March 2025 : C34.78
2. Defined Benefit Plansi. Gratuity:
In accordance with the 'Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972' of India, the Company provides for gratuity, a defined retirementbenefit plan (the 'Gratuity Plan') covering eligible employees. Liabilities with regard to such gratuity plan are determined byan independent actuarial valuation and are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss in the period determined. The gratuityplan is administered by the Company's own trust which has subscribed to the "Group Gratuity Scheme" of Life InsuranceCorporation of India.
The management assessed that fair value of cash and cash equivalents and other bank balances, trade receivables, other financialassets, Borrowings, trade payables, and other financial liabilities approximate their carrying amounts largely due to the short-termmaturities of these instruments, and hence these are carried at amortised cost. Carrying value of unquoted instruments representsfair value which is estimated by discounting future cash flows using rates currently available for debt on similar terms, credit riskand remaining maturities.
The fair value of the financial assets and liabilities is included at the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in acurrent transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale.
Investments in other equity instruments (unquoted) and mutual funds (quoted) are measured at fair value through initialdesignation in accordance with Ind-AS 109.
32.1.3 FAIR VALUE HIERARCHY
Valuation technique and key inputs
Level 1 - Quoted prices (unadjusted) in an active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e.as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices).
Level 3 - Inputs for the assets or liabilities that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs)
32.2 FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT, OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES
The Company's activities expose it to a variety of financial risks: market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk. The Company's primaryfocus is to foresee the unpredictability of financial markets and seek to minimize potential adverse effects on its financialperformance. The primary market risk to the Company is foreign exchange risk and interest rate risk. The Company's exposure tocredit risk is influenced mainly by the individual characteristic of each customer. The liquidity risk is measured by the Company'sinability to meet its financial obligations as they become due.
A. Market risk
Market risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes inmarket prices. Such changes in the values of financial instruments may result from changes in the foreign currency exchangerates, interest rates, credit, liquidity and other market changes. The Company's exposure to market risk is primarily on accountof foreign currency exchange rate risk.
(i) Foreign exchange risk
The Company operates internationally and a major portion of the business is transacted in several currencies andconsequently the Company is exposed to foreign exchange risk through its sales and services and purchases fromoverseas suppliers in various foreign currencies. The exchange rate between the rupee and foreign currencieshas changed substantially in recent years and may fluctuate substantially in the future. Consequently, theresults of the Company's operations are adversely affected as the rupee appreciates/ depreciates against thesecurrencies. The Company monitors and manages its financial risks by analysing its foreign exchange exposures.The Company enters into derivative financial instruments such as foreign exchange forward contracts from time to time tomitigate the risk of changes in exchange rates on foreign currency exposures. There are no material outstanding contractsas at March 31,2026.
Sensitivity analysis:
Every 5% increase / decrease of the respective foreign currencies compared to functional currency of the Company wouldimpact profit before tax by C73.38 for the year ended March 31,2026 and C4.87 for the year ended March 31,2025.
(ii) Interest rate risk
There is no material interest risk relating to the Company's financial liabilities which are detailed in note 14.
B. Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Company if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meetits contractual obligations, and arises principally from the Company's receivables from customers. Credit risk is managedthrough credit approvals, establishing credit limits and continuously monitoring the creditworthiness of customers to which
C. Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they become due. The Companymanages its liquidity risk by ensuring, as far as possible, that it will always have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities whendue, under both normal and stressed conditions, without incurring unacceptable losses or risk to the Company's reputation.
The Company had unutilized credit limits from banks as at March 31,2026 of C4,172.60 (March 31,2025: C4,412.80)
The Company had working capital of C6,574.11 (March 31,2025: C6,689.63) and cash and bank balance of C1,207.82 (March 31,2025: C2,724.30)
The Company's obligation towards payment of borrowings has been included in note 14.
The Company's obligation towards payment of lease liabilities has been included in note 3B.
# Based on the maximum amount than can be called for under the financial guarantee contracts. (refer note 30 (iii))
D. Other price risks:
The Company is exposed to equity price risks arising from equity investments. Company's equity investments are held forstrategic rather than trading purposes.
# The Company does not have any income generated on investments other than fair valuation changes on financial instruments measuredat FVTOCI.
*Debt represents Borrowings and lease liabilities.
**Net profit after taxes Non-cash operating expenses like depreciation and amortizations Interest other adjustments like expected creditloss (net), loss on disposal of Property, Plant and Equipment & share based payment expenses.
Note 1: Variance in the ratios is due to the below reasons
(a) Variance is due to repayment of borrowings.
(b) Variance is due to reduction in operations in the current year.
36. OTHER STATUTORY INFORMATION
(i) The Company does not have any Benami property, where any proceeding has been initiated or pending against the companyfor holding any Benami property.
(ii) The Company does not have any transactions with companies struck off.
(iii) The Company does not have any charges or satisfaction which is yet to be registered with ROC beyond the statutory period.
(iv) The Company has not traded or invested in Crypto Currency or Virtual Currency during the financial year.
(v) The Company has not been declared wilful defaulter by any bank or financial institution or government or any governmentauthority or other lender.
(vi) The Company has not advanced or loaned or invested funds to any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities(Intermediaries) with the understanding that the intermediary shall:
(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf ofthe company (Ultimate Beneficiaries); or
(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
(vii) The Company has not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities ("Funding Parties"), withthe understanding, whether recorded in writing or otherwise, that the company shall, whether, directly or indirectly, lendor invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party ("UltimateBeneficiaries") or provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.
(viii) The Company does not have any such transaction which is not recorded in the books of accounts that has been surrenderedor disclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961 (Such as, search or survey orany other relevant provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961).